In an era in which digital tools mediate design, measurement, and spatial decision-making, this book frames research methods explicitly through the lens of social justice and equity: not only helping readers master tools such as GIS, AI, AR and XR, but asking who uses them, who is served by them, and who is excluded.

By treating technology as embedded in power relations- with data flows, algorithmic biases, access differentials, and governance regimes- this book equips students and instructors with the skills to conduct research that is both digitally fluent and justice-oriented. Through named global case studies, module kits, and workflow templates, readers are invited to interrogate and redesign the digital infrastructures of the built environment so that research outcomes are inclusive, accountable, and socially transformative. The text begins with foundational considerations of epistemology and ontology, then moves through rigorous methodologies (literature review, qualitative and quantitative methods), and culminates in the application of emerging digital tools (AI, GIS, XR) within socially responsive research frames. Each chapter features classroom-tested pedagogical interventions-peer-review workshops, annotated bibliography exercises, hands-on digital tool demonstrations, and concept-mapping tasks-inviting active engagement, sharpened analytical clarity, and heightened awareness of justice in built environments.

For students of architecture, planning and design, as well as instructors and early-career professionals seeking structured supports, this book will equip readers with the tools to produce rigorous, inclusive, and methodologically sound inquiry.