In an increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous security environment, military leaders are required to operate under conditions of extreme pressure, uncertainty, and risk. Military Leadership in Extreme Situations: An International Perspective brings together leading military scholars from around the world to examine how armed forces understand, train, and enact leadership in such demanding contexts. This edited volume presents sixteen country case studies spanning six continents, offering unique insights into diverse military systems, operational environments, and leadership traditions. From combat operations and peacekeeping missions to disaster response and hybrid threats, the contributions highlight how leaders are prepared to make decisions under pressure, maintain cohesion, and act ethically in situations where consequences are immediate and profound. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, the book emphasizes adaptability, resilience, communication, and the critical role of followership in extreme contexts. By comparing national approaches and identifying shared challenges, it advances a deeper understanding of leadership as a relational and context-dependent process. This volume is essential reading for scholars and practitioners in military studies, leadership research, security studies, and crisis management, as well as for professionals engaged in preparing leaders for high-stakes environments.