Arnold R. Hirsch (1949-2018) was the Ethel and Herman L. Midlo Endowed Chair for New Orleans Studies at the University of New Orleans. The author of the influential Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940-1960, Hirsch's research showed how racism pervaded every stratum of American society. Thomas J. Sugrue is the Julius Silver Professor of Social and Cultural Analysis and History at New York University. He is the author of Not Even Past: Barack Obama and the Burden of Race, Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North, and The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit, as well as coauthor of These United States: A Nation in the Making, 1890 to the Present.