Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) set up in private clinical practice in treating 'nervous disorders' and would go on to develop techniques associated with psychoanalysis, as well as his famous theories on the unconscious, the human psyche, dreams and sexuality leading to influential works such as The Interpretation of Dreams and The Ego and the Id.

Richard Stevens was previously Head of Psychology at the Open University. He has been Chair of the Association for Humanistic Psychology in Britain and helped to found the Consciousness and Experiential Section of the British Psychological Society. His numerous publications include the books Freud and Psychoanalysis and Understanding the Self.